A Case of Juvenile Xanthogranuloma Developed in a Neurofibromatosis Child with Family History / 대한피부과학회지

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a fibrohistiocytic proliferative disorder predominant in infancy and childhood. It is a benign and transient skin lesion that usually appears in the cephalic area. Recently, the concurrent finding of neurofibromatosis (NF), juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (JCML), and JXG has been repeatedly reported. Especially, the family history of NF may represent a risk factor for the development of JCML in patients with NF and in patients with NF and JXG. So, a finding of JXG and NF in infants should alert the physician to a possible development of JCML. We report a case of JXG developed in a neurofibromatosis child with family history.

A Case of a Surviving Male Infant with Incontinentia Pigmenti

Incontinentia pigmenti (Bloch-Sulzberger's disease) is an X-linked dominantly inherited disorder which is usually lethal in hemizygous males, but rarely found in male infants. It can be explained by the presence of an extra X chromosome (Klinefelter's syndrome), hypomorphic mutations, and somatic mosaicism. We herein report a rare case of incontinentia pigmenti with typical course of skin manifestation in normal karyotype (46, XY) male infant.

A 5-Year Period Clinical Observation on Herpes Zoster and the Incidence of Postherpetic Neuralgia (2002~2006); A Comparative Analysis with the Historical Control Group of a Previous Study (1995~1999) / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster is a commom dermatologic disease characterized by acute unilateral neuritis, vesicular eruption and a persistent pain after the rash has healed- a complication known as postherpetic neuralgia. Recently, the incidence of herpes zoster seems to be increased due to various factors. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, starting on the first day of antiviral therapy, and the incidence rate of postherpetic neuralgia. METHODS: During the 5 years from January 2002 to December 2006, 177 patients (Group A) with herpes zoster were assessed with age, sex, dermatomal distribution, starting day of antiviral therapy and postherpetic neuralgia. The data was compared with the historical control group of a previous study (1995~1999, Group B). RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the two groups in clinical characteristics. Thoracic dermatome involvement was most common in both groups. But the incidence of trigeminal involvement was higher in group A than group B (p=0.040). Based on the starting day of antiviral therapy, the percentage of 3rd day group is higher than other groups. In group A, the percentage of 2nd, 3rd, 4th day group was increased and mean starting day was faster than group B (p=0.043). The prevalence of postherpetic neuralgia was decreased from group B to group A. In group A, incidence of postherpetic neuralgia according to age or delaying therapy increases (p=0.001). But, sex, underlying disease and dermatomal distribution were not predictor of postherpetic neuralgia. CONCLUSION: In group A, the starting day of antiviral therapy shows a tendency to be shortened, and the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia had decreased.

A Case of Post-traumatic Pyoderma Gangrenosum Associated with Ulcerative Colitis / 대한피부과학회지

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a painful, chronic, ulcerating skin disease associated with a wide variety of disorders, including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and Behcet's disease. Etiology of pyoderma gangrenosum is unknown but the lesions frequently appear at points of trauma and it is related with pathergy. We report a case of post-traumatic pyoderma gangrenosum occurring in ulcerative colitis with a review of the literature.

A Case of Poroid Hidradenoma / 대한피부과학회지

Poroid hidradenoma is a benign soft-tissue neoplasm with eccrine differentiation. It is a recent variant of the eccrine poroma group. It is made up of poroid and cuticular cells and has both solid and cystic components contained entirely within the dermis. We report a case of poroid hidradenoma in a 55-year-old female who presented with a solitary, bluish nodule on the lateral aspect of her left shin.

Langerhans Cells and Cytokines in UV-irradiated Melanocytic Nevi / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: It is well established that UV-induced DNA damage is involved in the mutation of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and the subsequent development of skin cancers. Langerhans cells (LC) are thought to play an important role in the presentation of tumor antigens for the induction of anti-tumor immunity. Cytokines may have a key role in the UV-induced modulation of the skin's immune system. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the role of Langerhans cells, cytokines in UV-irradiated Melanocytic Nevi vs non-irradiated melanocytic nevi. METHODS: Skin biopsies from 10 melanocytic nevi, taken from partially covered melanocytic navi and irradiated part with a defined UV dose, were examined. Immunohistochemical staining was used for the quantitative distribution of LC and the expression of cytokines which are related to LC migration and maturation (TNF-alpha and GM-CSF), Th1 response (IL-12), and Th2 response (IL-10). RESULTS: LC number increased in non-irradiated neoplastic epithelium compared to control skin. In UV-exposed nevi, LC density decreased significantly but a constant number was still maintained. TNF-alpha and GM-CSF were predominently expressed in lesional epithelium and some nevus cells, 2 days after irradiation. GM-CSF expression in nevus cells was maintained up to 7 days after exposure. IL-10 was expressed in epidermis 2 days after exposure. While IL-12 was weakly positive and maintained up to 7 days in unexposed lesional epidermis, it was not detected after 2 days but reappeared in an exposed lesion after 7 days. CONCLUSION: Langerhans cells (LC) modulated by cytokines in UV-exposed skin may have a functional role in UV-induced carcinogenesis.

A Case of Palisaded Encapsulated Neuroma of the Lower Lip

Palisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN) is a clinically-distinctive, benign, cutaneous nerve sheath tumor. It usually occurs as a solitary, asymptomatic, skin-colored papule, and commonly affects the face of middle-aged adults. We report a case of PEN which developed on the lower lip of a 44-year-old Korean man. It was a 5mm-sized skin colored papule. Histopathologically, it consisted of uniform, broad, interlacing fascicles of spindle cells and was surrounded by a complete capsule in the dermis. On immunohistochemical staining, the tumor cells of the nodule were positive for S-100 protein and neural filaments, whil the capsule of the nodule was positive for epithelial antigen.

The Effect of Amniotic Membrane Patch in Wound Healing of Skin Defect / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Amniotic membrane contains basement membrane components and several growth factor proteins. Therefore, transplantation of amniotic membrane might help epithelialization. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare efficacies of amniotic membrane patches (amniotic group), polyurethane film (TegadermTM, 3M, USA: wet group), and nonadherent dressing (dry group) in wound healing. METHOD: Six rabbits were included in this study. We made wound defects on the back of each rabbit. Amniotic membrane patches (amniotic group) was applied to each wound defect in the first group, polyurethane film (TegadermTM, 3M, USA: wet group) to the second group, and nonadherent dressings (dry group) to the third group. We compared the time taken for each wound defect to heal, and the gross and histopathologic change of the wound defect from baseline, over time. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1. In the early phase, the amniotic membrane patch (amniotic group) resulted in a faster healing time than either the polyurethane film (TegadermTM, 3M, USA: wet group) or the nonadherent dressing (dry group). 2. On day 10, all groups achieved histological epithelialization. 3. In the late phase, the amniotic membrane patch (amniotic group) might inhibit collagen fiber arrangement and development of skin appendages. CONCLUSION: The amniotic membrane patch is effective in the treatment of rabbit wound defects. It can serve as a biological dressing in the early phase of wound defects.

Acanthosis Nigricans Associated with Vitiligo

No abstract available.

Immunohistochemical Study for MAPK Expression in UV Irradiated Melanocytic Nevi / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: In contrast to the relationship between UV exposure and nonmelanoma skin cancers, molecular evidence for the involvement of UV radiation in melanocytic tumorigenesis is quite limited. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is an important molecule in transducing extracellular signals from the cell surface to the nucleus. The MAPK family includes ERK (extracellular signal- regulated protein kinase), JNK (stress-activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase), and p38 kinases. Various growth factors and cytokines, as well as other signals such as UV light are able to activate MAPK, resulting in a variety of cellular responses including proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of UV irradiation on the expression of MAPK in melanocytic nevi. METHOD: Melanocytic nevi from ten healthy volunteers were partially covered, irradiated with a defined UV dose, and excised after 1 week. healthy The irradiated and non-irradiated area were examined separateted by immunohistochemistry using p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38 monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: In the non-irradiated area of melanocytic nevus, p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38 were undetectable in nevus cells. After irradiation, p-ERK expression was observed in nevus cells in 7 cases, and p-p38 was stained diffusely in the cytoplasm of nevus cells in 6 cases, but there was no immunoreactivity of p-JNK. CONCLUSION: We suggest that a single UV irradiation of melanocytic nevi can stimulate both p-ERK and cytoplasmic p-p38 expression, but not p-JNK.

A Case of Spindle Cell Lipoma / 대한피부과학회지

Spindle cell lipoma is an unusual and benign neoplasm, which normally occurs in middle age to older individuals oh the posterior neck, shoulders, and upper part of the back in the form of a solitary, slowly growing, painless, and subcutaneous nodule. We report a case of spindle cell lipoma on the right forearm of a 49-year-old female. Histopathologic examination revealed that the subcutaneous tumor was composed of mature fat cells and uniform spindle cells within a mucinous matrix. In some areas, the spindle cell proliferation was dominant due to variation in the ratio of spindle cells to mature fat cells. Vascularity was prominent in many parts of the tumor, and there were numerous mast cells scattered throughout the tumor. Immunohistochemically, the spindle cells were positive for vimentin and CD34, while S-100 protein and actin were not expressed.

The Immunohistochemical Study of MAPKs Expression in Psoriatic Epidermis

No abstract available.

Immunohistochemical Study for MAPK Expression in Epidermal Tumors Related to Sun Exposure / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) is an important molecule in transducing extracellular signal from cell surface to the nucleus. MAPK family includes ERK(extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase), JNK(stress-activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase), p38 kinases. Not only various growth factors and cytokines, but also other signals such as UV light are able to activate MAPK, resulting in various cellular responses including proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to determine patterns of MAPK expression in epidermal tumors including seborrheic keratosis(SK) on sun-exposed skin and unexposed area, actinic keratosis(AK), Bowen's disease(BD), acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma(ASCC), and other squamous cell carcinoma(SCC). METHODS: Using pan ERK, JNK-2 and p-JNK, we have examined MAPK expression immunohistochemically in epidermal tumors(total 30 cases) including SK on sun-exposed skin(5 cases) and unexposed areas(5 cases), AK(5 cases), BD(5 cases), ASCC(5 cases), and SCC(5 cases). RESULTS: ERK was expressed in AK and ASCC positively but not in BD, and the staining pattern with ERK also showed positivity in microinvasive area and dysplastic cells of SCC. JNK was not expressed in all tumor cells of SK, AK, BD, and ASCC with the exception of dyskeratotic cells in BD and acantholytic cells in ASCC. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that ERK expression may be related to sun exposure and responsible for proliferation of tumor and invasion into surrounding tissue. JNK may not be related with malignant progression of tumor and carcinogenesis cauesd by sun exposure, but with apoptosis of tumor cells.

A study of mycology and cultural method in onychomycosis / 대한피부과학회지

This mycological and cultural investigation was made in 86 cases of onychomycosis diagnosed on positive KOH wet mount at Chosun University Hospital from October, 1989 to February, 1990. The results were as follows : l. The ratio of male to female was 1.2:1. According to Zaiass classificat.ion, distal subungual onychomycosis (DSO) was the most predominant type(79 cases) and others, in decreasing frequency, were superficial white onychomycosis (SWO) (Fcases), total dyst,rophic onychomycosis (TDO) (1 cases, and proximal subungual onychomycosis (PSO) was not. found. 2. In DSO, isolat,ed fungi were T. mentagrophyte(31 cases), "i'. rubrum(23 c

Seroma of the Auricle / 대한피부과학회지

A 35-year-old female patient had a cyst-Jike swelling for one month on the right scaphoid fossa and antihelix of the auricle. Histopathologically, cystic cavity was located in lower dermis and cavity roof was composed of fibrous material without cartilagenous structure. Treatrment consisted of incision and drainage and subsequently rnastoidectomy dressing for one week. One month after treatment, recurrence of lesion was not found.

A Case of Granular Cell Tumor / 대한피부과학회지

We report a case of granular cell tumor in a 62-year- old female. She had a 1. 5 cm sized, asymptomatic, firm nodule with central depression on the lateral aspect cf the left orbit. Histologically, the dermis had many large, pale tumor cells arranged in clusters and strands. The cells had a distinct cellular membrane and a pale cytoplasm filled with faintly eosiinophilic,coarse granules. The characteristic faint granules within the tumor cells are PAS-positive and diastase-resistant. The overlying epidermiis showed pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia. We treated it with total excision.

A Stastistical Survey of Cutaneous Epithelial Cysts / 대한피부과학회지

Sixty-one cases in which the diagnosis of epithelial cysts had been made studied. The data were collected from our own clinical records and a review of all histopathologic slides of epithelial aysts that had been filed at Departrnent of Dermatology, Chosun University Hospita.l during the past g years from July, 1979 to June, 1984. The results were as follows: 1) Among the 61 cases of epithelial cysts, 41 cases were epidermal cysts, 10 cases of milia, 7 cases of steatocystoma. multiplex, 2 cases of pilar cysts and 1 case of eruptive vellus hair cyst. 2) The average age of these patients was third decade. 3) The commonest site of epidermal cyst and milium was face. Two cases of pilar cyst occurred only on the scalp. Fteatocystoma multiplex was developed on the several sites, but not on the scalp and scrotum, 4) The average diameter was 6. 5 mm for epidermal cyst, p 6 mm for milium, 3 1 mm for steatocystoma multiplex and 17 mm for pilar cyst.

Two Cases of Atypical Angioleiomyoma / 대한피부과학회지

We herein present two cases of angioleiomyoma with unusual location and number of cutaneous lesion. One was 58-year-old male who has two small peasized nodules on the left palm and volar aspect of the left fifth finger. The other was 63-year-old male with three small pea-sized nodules on the left palm, volar aspect of the left middle finger and the right sole. We confirmed these as angioleiomyoma by clinical and histopathological findings.

A case of xanthoma showing unusual clinical manifestation / 대한피부과학회지

We report an atypieal case of xanthoma without evidence of underlying disease, A 50-year-old asymptomatic, yellowish, flat plaques on the upper eyelids, trunk and thighs, and huge, deep-seated tumors on anterior aspect of the neck, back and ankle areas of 3 years duration. Biopsies were performed at the lesions of the neck and hack. Two biopsy specimens showed the same findings of xanthoma, respectively. The appearance of refrigerated serum was clear. Paper electrophoresis didn't show elevation of any lipoprotein, suggesting normolipoproteinemia.

Four Cases of Angiolipoma / 대한피부과학회지

The angiolipoma is well circumscribed, benign neoplasm, composed of mature fat cells and well developed arterioles, venules and capillaries, in which fibrin thrombi often form. We experienced 4 adult male patients who had free movable, subcutaneous nodular masses on the upper extremities, the abdomen, the back and the buttock. All of them were confirmed as angiolipoma by the clinical and histopathological findings.